Incretins, satiety signals and the most talked about studies right now.
- Incretins and satiety
- From one to three receptors
Incretins and satiety
GLP-1 is an intestinal hormone that signals satiety. Semaglutide and tirzepatide are the most studied analogues, and new molecules such as retatrutide and survodutide combine multiple receptors.
From one to three receptors
Development has progressed from GLP-1 alone, via GIP/GLP-1 (tirzepatid) to triple agonists with glucagon (retatrutide). Each step is being studied for its effect on energy expenditure and appetite.
The list
The list is editorial and is based on how often the substances appear in research – not on proven efficacy or safety in humans.
The difference between potential and evidence
Always review safety, study size, control groups, and whether the results have been replicated. Be especially wary of claims that promise quick or guaranteed effects.
Sources and further reading
We refer to published research and authorities. Research results do not mean that a substance is safe or approved for humans.
- 01
Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity (STEP 1)New England Journal of Medicine, 2021Phase 3 clinical trial of semaglutide.
- 02
Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity (SURMOUNT-1)New England Journal of Medicine, 2022Phase 3 clinical study of tirzepatide.
- 03
- 04
- 05
Triple–Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for ObesityNew England Journal of Medicine, 2023Phase 2 study of retatrutide. The molecule is not approved as a drug.
- 06
Current research on CagrilintidePubMed (NIH)Search in the scientific database PubMed – compiles published studies.